![]() During the Second World War, the city was captured by the troops of the German army. In 1937, the Russian Black Sea Fleet was raised from the bottom of Tsemess Bay. General Denikin on board of the destroyer “Tsarevich George” left Russia. March 12, 1920, after suffering the defeat in the civil war, the remaining troops of the White Army began the procedure of evacuation from Novorossiysk sea port. August 26, 1918, the town came under the control of the White Army. In June 1918, on the orders of Lenin, the Black Sea Fleet was scuttled in Tsemess Bay due to the civil war and the risk that the fleet could come under the control of the White Army. In March 1918, it became the center of the Black Sea Soviet Republic. From 1896 to 1920, it was the center of Chernomorskaya (Black Sea) province. In 1866, Novorossiysk, a settlement with a population of about 430 people, became the center of the Black Sea district. In 1839, Novorossiysk (can be translated as “new Russian town”) fortification was built. In 1834, the Russian general N.N.Rayevsky decided to found a base of the Black Sea fleet in Tsemesskaya Bay. In 1829, the territory of Tsemesskaya Bay became part of the Russian Empire. In 1722, the Turks foreseeing a war with the Russian Empire forced the defense of the Black Sea coast. The territory of present Novorossiysk remained under Turkish power till the 17th century. Taman and Tsemesskaya Bay became Turkish territory. The fortress defended the town from the Adyghes and was not preserved.Ĭonstantinople was conquered by the Turks in 1453. Batario fortress was constructed at the mouth of the Tsemes River by people from Genoa, as they had control of sea trade ways between East and West at a time. ![]() In the 13th century, Tsemesskaya Bay belonged to the Golden Horde. The Adyghes were persecuted by the Khazars and the Mongols and finally these tribes had to move to the mountains. They gave Tsemesskaya Bay its current name, after the Tsemes River (“tsiye” - a lot of insects, “mesy” - forest). At this very time, the tribes of the Adyghes formed. This invasion slowed the development of civilization on the shore of Tsemesskaya Bay. In the 2nd century B.C., Bata was destroyed by a nomadic tribe of the Alans. Bata was a Greek town mainly engaged in trade of grain and fish. In the 5th century B.C., it was a town of Bata located on the border with the kingdom of Bosporus with the capital in Pantikapeya (present Kerch). It is considered that the first people inhabited the outskirts of present Novorossiysk in the Paleolithic era. ![]()
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